Mi'kmaw Bands in Nova Scotia
Acadia | Annapolis Valley | Bear River | Chapel Island | Eskasoni | Glooscap | Membertou | Millbrook | Paq'tnkek | Pictou Landing | Shubenacadie | Wagmatcook | Waycobah
Acadia ~ Malikiaq ~ Nova Scotia
Acadia is composed of Gold River, Medway, Ponhook Lake, Wildcat, and Yarmouth reserves.
- Gold River #21 is 270.2 hectares in size, located 60.8 km. west of Halifax, and was established May 8, 1820.
- Medway #11 is 4.3 hectares, located 108.8 km. southwest of Halifax, and was established May 8, 1865.
- Ponhook Lake #10 is 101.8 hectares, located 115.2 km. southwest of Halifax and was established June 8, 1843.
- Wildcat #12 is 465.4 hectares, located 111 km. southwest of Halifax, and was established June 8, 1820.
- Yarmouth #33 is 27.57 hectares, located 3.2 km. east of Yarmouth, and was established June 8, 1887.
As of December 2012 the total population was 1423:
- Registered Males on Own Reserve – 108
- Registered Females on Own Reserve – 115
- Registered Males on Other Reserves – 2
- Registered Females on Other Reserves – 0
- Registered Males on No Band Crown Land – 1
- Registered Females on No Band Crown Land - 2
- Registered Males Living Off-Reserve – 570
- Registered Females Living Off-Reserve - 625
- Highest Nova Scotia Community Score – 88
- Nova Scotia Non-Native Average Score – 80
- Nova Scotia First Nation Average Score – 69
- Lowest Nova Scotia Community Score - 59
According to the Community Well Being Index,* Acadia scored 71 out of a possible 100 based on figures derived from the 2001 Census:
As of June 18, 2010 - June 17, 2015, the Chief of the reserve is Diana Deborah Robinson . The Band Councillors are:
Edwin Benham
Darlene Coulton
Andrew Francis
Todd Labrador
Michael Paul
Thomas Pictou
Charmaine (Boutilier) Stevens
Debra Wentzell
The federal members of Parliament are Greg Kerr (C) for West Nova - Yarmouth #33 and Gerald Keddy (C) for the South Shore/St. Margaret's - Gold River #21, Medway #11, Ponhook Lake #10, and Wildcat #12.
Provincial members of the Nova Scotia Legislature are W. Richard Hurlburt (PC) for Yarmouth - Yarmouth #33 , Vicki Conrad (NDP) for Queens - Ponhook Lake #10, Wildcat #12, and Medway #11, and Denise Peterson-Rafuse (NDP) for Chester/St. Margaret's - Gold River #21 .
Visit the Acadia web site.
Annapolis Valley ~ Kampalijek ~ Nova Scotia
Annapolis Valley is composed of Cambridge and St. Croix reserves. Cambridge #32 is 18.7 hectares in size, located 88 km. northwest of Halifax, and was established March 3, 1880-1924. St. Croix #34 is 126.2 hectares, located 46.4 km. northwest of Halifax, and was established March 3, 1851.
As of December 2012 the population was 267:
- Registered Males on Own Reserve – 63
- Registered Females on Own Reserve – 49
- Registered Males Living Off-Reserve – 62
- Registered Females Living Off-Reserve - 93
According to the Community Well Being Index,* Annapolis Valley scored 71 out of a possible 100 based on figures derived from the 2001 Census:
- Highest Nova Scotia Community Score – 88
- Nova Scotia Non-Native Average Score – 80
- Nova Scotia First Nation Average Score – 69
- Lowest Nova Scotia Community Score - 59
From December 9, 2011 - December 10, 2013, the Chief of the reserve is Janette Peterson. The Band Councillors are:
Tassa Kennedy
LaurenceToney
The federal member of Parliament is Scott Brison (L) for Kings/Hants - Cambridge #32 and St. Croix #34. Provincial members of the Nova Scotia Legislature are Ramona Jennex (NDP) for Kings South - Cambridge #32, and Chuck Porter (NDP) for Hants West - St. Croix #34. Visit the Annapolis Valley web site.
Bear River ~ L'setkuk ~ Nova Scotia
Bear River, also known as Muin Sipi is composed of:
- Bear River #6, 633.8 hectares in size, located 17.6 km. southeast of Digby and established in March 3, 1820
- Bear River #6A, 31.2 hectares, 9.6 km. southeast of Annapolis Royal, established March 3, 1938
- Bear River #6B, 24.3 hectares, 6.4 km. southeast of Annapolis Royal, and established October 1, 1962
As of December 2012 the population was 322:
- Registered Males on Own Reserve – 45
- Registered Females on Own Reserve – 60
- Registered Males on Other Reserves – 0
- Registered Females on Other Reserves – 0
- Registered Males Living Off-Reserve – 108
- registered Females Living Off-Reserve - 109
According to the Community Well Being Index,* Bear River scored 74 out of a possible 100 based on figures derived from the 2001 Census:
- Highest Nova Scotia Community Score – 88
- Nova Scotia Non-Native Average Score – 80
- Nova Scotia First Nation Average Score – 69
- Lowest Nova Scotia Community Score - 59
From December 8, 2011 - December 7, 2013 the Chief of the reserve is Frank Meuse. The Band Councillors are:
Carol Ann Potter
Frederick Robar-Harlow
The federal member of Parliament for West Nova - Bear River #6, #6A, and #6B is Greg Kerr (C). Provincial member of the Nova Scotia Legislature for Digby - Bear River 6, #6A, and #6B is Harold Theriault Jr. (L.).
Chapel Island ~ Potlotek ~ Nova Scotia
Chapel Island is composed of Chapel Island and Malagawatch.
- Chapel Island #5 is 592.5 hectares in size, located 68.8 km. southwest of Sydney, and was established August 1, 1792-1834.
- Malagawatch #4 is 661.3 hectares in size, with 20 per cent or 132.26 hectares held by each of the following five reserves: Chapel Island, Sydney, Eskasoni, Wagmatcook, and Whycocomagh. Malagawatch was established August 2, 1833.
As of December 2012 the population was 690:
- Registered Males on Own Reserve – 270
- Registered Females on Own Reserve – 253
- Registered Males on Other Reserves – 17
- Registered Females on Other Reserves – 20
- Registered Males Living Off-Reserve – 56
- Registered Females Living Off-Reserve - 74
According to the Community Well Being Index,* Chapel Island scored 71 out of a possible 100 based on figures derived from the 2001 Census:
- Highest Nova Scotia Community Score – 88
- Nova Scotia Non-Native Average Score – 80
- Nova Scotia First Nation Average Score – 69
- Lowest Nova Scotia Community Score - 59
From July 20, 2012 - July 19, 2014 the Chief is Wilbert Marshall. The Band Councillors are:
Quentin Doucette
Junior Johnson
Wayne Johnson
James Marshall
Russell Marshall
Veronica Marshall-Bernard
The federal member of Parliament for Cape Breton/Canso - Chapel Island #5 and Malagawatch #4 is Roger Cuzner (L). Provincial members of the Nova Scotia Legislature are Michel Samson (L) for Richmond - Chapel Island #5 and Allan MacMaster (PC) for Inverness - Malagawatch #4. Visit the Chapel Island web site.
Eskasoni ~ Eskisoqnik ~ Nova Scotia
Eskasoni is composed of:
- Eskasoni #3, 3,504.6 hectares in size, located 40 km. southwest of Sydney, and established August 1, 1832-1942
- Eskasoni #3A, 28.5 hectares, 40 km. southwest of Sydney, established August 20, 1948
- Malagawatch #4, 661.3 hectares in area, 132.36 hectares or twenty per cent of which are held by Eskasoni along with four other reserves. It was established August 2, 1833.
As of December 2012 the population was 4151:
- Registered Males on Own Reserve – 1772
- Registered Females on Own Reserve – 1751
- Registered Males on Other Reserves – 11
- Registered Females on Other Reserves – 14
- Registered Males on Other Band Crown Land – 1
- Registered Females on Other Band Crown Land – 0
- Registered Males Living Off-Reserve – 271
- Registered Females Living Off-Reserve - 331
According to the Community Well Being Index,* Eskasoni scored 62 out of a possible 100 based on figures derived from the 2001 Census:
- Highest Nova Scotia Community Score – 88
- Nova Scotia Non-Native Average Score – 80
- Nova Scotia First Nation Average Score – 69
- Lowest Nova Scotia Community Score - 59
From October 27, 2012 - October 26, 2014 the Chief of the reserve is Leroy D.C. Denny. Band Councillors are:
Bertram (Muin) Bernard
Charles Leon Denny
Dion Levi Denny
Oliver (Sappy) Denny Jr.
Barry C. Francis
Gerald Robert Francis
Eldon Gould
Allan Wayne Jeddore
Derek Robert Johnson
Christian Dylan Thomas Stevens
John Frank Toney
Charles Blaise Young
The federal members of Parliament are Mark Eyking (L) for Sydney/Victoria - Eskasoni #3 and #3A, and Roger Cuzner (L) for Cape Breton/Canso - Malagawatch #4. Provincial members of the Nova Scotia Legislature are Keith Bain (PC) for Victoria -The Lakes - Eskasoni #3 and #3A, and Allan MacMaster (PC) for Inverness - Malagawatch #4. Visit the Eskasoni web site.
Glooscap ~ Pesikitk ~ Nova Scotia
Glooscap is 171.1 hectares in size, located 68.8 km. northwest of Halifax. It was established March 3, 1907. As of 2008, the population was 304. [We apologize more current figures are not available.]
As of February 2012, Chief of the reserve is Sydney Peters. The Band Councillors are:
Jean Labradore Powers
Larry Peters
Kristen Halliday
The federal member of Parliament for Kings/Hants - Glooscap #35 is Scott Brison (L). Provincial member of the Nova Scotia Legislature is Ramona Jennex (NDP) for Kings South - Glooscap #35.
Membertou ~ Maupeltuk ~ Nova Scotia
Membertou is composed of:
- Membertou #28B, 45.2 hectares in size, located 1.6 km. south of Sydney and established in August 31, 1925
- Caribou Marsh #29, 219.3 hectares, 8 km. southwest of Sydney, established April 28, 1882
- Sydney #28A, 5.1 hectares, 1.6 km. northeast of Sydney, established September 7, 1921
- Malagawatch #4, 62.4 km. southwest of Sydney, established August 2, 1833. 132.26 hectares of Malagawatch #4 are held by Membertou, while four other reserves hold the remaining 80 per cent.
As of December 2012 the population was 1369:
- Registered Males on Own Reserve – 412
- Registered Females on Own Reserve – 421
- Registered Males on Other Reserves – 18
- Registered Females on Other Reserves – 20
- Registered Males on No Band Crown Land – 1
- Registered Females on No Band Crown Land – 2
- Registered Males Living Off-Reserve – 249
- Registered Females Living Off-Reserve - 246
According to the Community Well Being Index,* Membertou scored 74 out of a possible 100 based on figures derived from the 2001 Census:
- Highest Nova Scotia Community Score – 88
- Nova Scotia Non-Native Average Score – 80
- Nova Scotia First Nation Average Score – 69
- Lowest Nova Scotia Community Score - 59
From June 21, 2012 - June 20, 2014, the Chief of the reserve is Terrance J. Paul . The Band Councillors are:
Darrell Bernard
Daniel Christmas
Dean Christmas
Julie Christmas
Robin Googoo
Lee Gould
Johanna La Porte
Paul Mac Donald
David Marshall
Allister "Buster" Matthews
Anthony Ike Paul
Lawrence Paul Jr.
The federal members of Parliament are Mark Eyking (L) for Sydney/Victoria - Membertou #28B and Sydney #28A, and Roger Cuzner (L) for Cape Breton/Canso - Caribou Marsh #29 and Malagawatch #4 . Provincial members of the Nova Scotia Legislature are Manning Mac Donald (L) for Cape Breton South - Membertou #28B, Alfie Mac Leod (L), Cape Breton West - Caribou Marsh #29, Gordie Gosse (NDP), Cape Breton Nova - Sydney #28A, and Allan MacMaster (PC), Inverness - Malagawatch. Visit the Membertou web site.
Millbrook ~ We'kopekwitk ~ Nova Scotia
Millbrook is composed of Millbrook, Beaver Lake, parts of Truro, and Cole Harbour.
- Millbrook #27 is 300.4 hectares, located 8 km. east of Truro, and was established March 3, 1886
- Beaver Lake #17 is 49.4 hectares in size, 78.4 km. southeast of Halifax, established March 3, 1867
- Truro #27A is 16.7 hectares and adjoins the southern limit of Truro, having been established March 3, 1904.
- Truro #27B and #27C are 9.5 and 18.6 hectares and were established March 3, 1907 and March 3, 1909, respectively
- Cole Harbour #30 is 18.6 hectares in size, 9.6 km. east of Halifax, established March 3, 1880
- Sheet Harbour #36 is 32.7 hectares, 91.2 km. northeast of Halifax, and was established March 3, 1915.
As of 2008 the population was 1,345. [We apologize current population figures are not available.]
As of February 24, 2012 - February 23, 2014, Chief of the reserve is Robert Gloade and councillors are:
Colin Bernard
Bryan Brooks
Alexander Cope
Adrian Gloade
Barry Gloade
Peter Gloade
Vernon Gloade
Gordon Johnson
Lloyd Johnson
Ward Markie
Barry Martin Sr.
Chris Nasson
The federal members of Parliament are Bill Casey (I) for Cumberland-Colchester, Musquodoboit Valley - Millbrook #27, Truro #27A,B,C and Peter Stoffer (NDP) for Sackville/Eastern Shore - Beaver Lake #17, Sheet Harbour #36, and Cole Harbour #30. Provincial members of the Nova Scotia Legislature are Gary Burrill (NDP) for Colchester/Musquodoboit Valley - Millbrook #27, Beaver Lake #17, Truro #27A,B,C; Darrell Dexter (NDP) for Cole Harbour/Eastern Passage - Cole Harbour #30, and Sidney Prest (NDP) for the Eastern Shore - Sheet Harbour. Visit the Millbrook web site.
Paq'tnkek ~Paqtnkek~ Nova Scotia
Paq'tnkek is composed of Pomquet - Paq'tnkek, Franklin Manor, and Summerside.
- Pomquet - Paq'tnkek #23 is 191.5 hectares in size, located 24 km. east of Antigonish, and was established March 3, 1820
- Franklin Manor #22 is 196.2 hectares, located 32 km. southwest of Amherst, and was established March 3, 1865.
- Summerside #38 is 43.4 hectares, located 18 km. east of Antigonish, and was established August 28, 1990.
As of December 2012 the population was 552:
- Registered Males on Own Reserve – 181
- Registered Females on Own Reserve – 203
- Registered Males on Other Reserves – 9
- Registered Females on Other Reserves – 20
- Registered Males Living Off-Reserve – 58
- Registered Females Living Off-Reserve - 81
According to the Community Well Being Index,* Paq'tnkek scored 64 out of a possible 100 based on figures derived from the 2001 Census:
- Highest Nova Scotia Community Score – 88
- Nova Scotia Non-Native Average Score – 80
- Nova Scotia First Nation Average Score – 69
- Lowest Nova Scotia Community Score - 59
From November 27, 2011 - November 26, 2013 the Chief of the reserve is Michael Gerard Julian . The Band Councillors are:
David Francis
Trevor Joseph Gould
Anne Marie Paul
Robert Phillip Pictou
Kerry Gerard Prosper
The federal members of Parliament are Peter Mac Kay (C) for Central Nova - Pomquest-Paq'tnkek #23 and Bill Casey (I) for Cumberland - Colchester - Musquodoboit Valley - - Franklin Manor #22 . Provincial members of the Nova Scotia Legislature are Angus "Tando" Mac Isaac (PC) for Antigonish - Pomquet-Paq'tnkek #23, Summerside #38, and Murray Scott (PC) for Cumberland South - Franklin Manor #22 . Visit the Paq'tnkek web site.
Pictou Landing ~ Puksaqte'kne'katik ~ Nova Scotia
Pictou Landing is composed of Fisher's Grant, Boat Harbour, Merigomish Harbour, and Franklin Manor.
- Fisher's Grant #24 is 92.8 hectares, located 9.6 km. north of New Glasgow, and was established March 3, 1866,
- Fisher's Grant #24G is 60 hectares, 3.2 km. southeast of Pictou Landing, and was established March 3, 1927
- Boat Harbour #37 is 98.2 hectares, 8 km. north of New Glasgow, and was established May 18, 1961.
- Merigomish Harbour #31 is 14.2 hectares in size, 12.8 km. east of New Glasgow and was established March 3, 1865.
- Franklin Manor #22 is 212.5 hectares, 32 km. southeast of Amherst, and was established March 3, 1865.
As of December 2012 the population was 635:
- Registered Males on Own Reserve – 226
- Registered Females on Own Reserve – 240
- Registered Males on Other Reserves – 11
- Registered Females on Other Reserves – 10
- Registered Males Living Off-Reserve – 77
- Registered Females Living Off-Reserve - 71
According to the Community Well Being Index,* Pictou Landing scored 68 out of a possible 100 based on figures derived from the 2001 Census:
- Highest Nova Scotia Community Score – 88
- Nova Scotia Non-Native Average Score – 80
- Nova Scotia First Nation Average Score – 69
- Lowest Nova Scotia Community Score - 59
As of November 30, 2011 - November 29, 2013, the Chief of the reserve is Andrea Paul. The Band Councillors are:
Crystal Ann Denny
Dominic Denny
Wayne Francis Denny
Louis Francis
Anthony Nicholas
Andrea Paul
The federal members of Parliament are Peter Mac Kay (C) for Central Nova - Fisher's Grant #24, #24G, Boat Harbour #37, and Merigomish Harbour #31, and Bill Casey (I) for Cumberland - Colchester - Musquodoboit Valley - Franklin Manor #22. Provincial members of the Nova Scotia Legislature are Clarrie Mac Kinnon (NDP) for Pictou East - Fisher's Grant #24, #24G, Boat Harbour #37, Merigomish #31, and Murray Scott (PC) for Cumberland South - Franklin Manor #22.
Shubenacadie ~ Sipekni'katik ~ Nova Scotia
Shubenacadie is composed of Shubenacadie, Indian Brook, Pennal, and New Ross. Shubenacadie #13 is 412 hectares in size, located 32 km. north of Halifax and was established March 3, 1820. Indian Brook #14 is 1,234.2 hectares, located 28.8 km. southwest of Truro and was established May 8, 1820. Pennal #19 is 43.5 hectares, located 67.2 km. northwest of Halifax, and was established March 3, 1858. New Ross #20 is 408.3 hectares, 64 km. northwest of Halifax, and was established March 3, 1820.
As of December 2012 the population was 2495:
- Registered Males on Own Reserve – 567
- Registered Females on Own Reserve – 637
- Registered Males on Other Reserves – 36
- Registered Females on Other Reserves – 30
- Registered Males on Other Band Crown Land – 1
- Registered Males on No Band Crown Land – 6
- Registered Females on No Band Crown Land – 6
- Registered Males Living Off-Reserve – 566
- Registered Females Living Off-Reserve - 646
According to the Community Well Being Index,* Shubenacadie scored 69 out of a possible 100 based on figures derived from the 2001 Census:
- Highest Nova Scotia Community Score – 88
- Nova Scotia Non-Native Average Score – 80
- Nova Scotia First Nation Average Score – 69
- Lowest Nova Scotia Community Score - 59
As of November 3, 2012 - November 2, 2014, the Chief of the reserve is Rufus Copage. The Band Councillors are:
Ronnie Augustine
Michelle Glasgow
Thomas Howe
Keith Joseph Julian
Colleen Knockwood
Doreen E. Knockwood
Thomas Maloney
Alexander Mc Donald
Jim Nevin
Earl Sack
Jerry Sack
Michael Sack
The federal members of Parliament are Scott Brison (L) for Kings/Hants - Indian Brook #14; Peter Stoffer (NDP) for Sackville/Eastern Shore - Shubenacadie #13, and Gerald Keddy (C) for the South Shore - Pennal #19, New Ross #20. Provincial members of the Nova Scotia Legislature are John Mac Donnell (NDP) for Hants East - Indian Brook #14; Kelly Regan (L) for Bedford/Fall River - Shubenacadie #13, and Denise Peterson-Rafuse (NDP) for Chester/St. Margaret's - Pennal #19 and New Ross #20.
Wagmatcook ~ Wagmitkuk ~ Nova Scotia
Wagmatcook is composed of Wagmatcook, Margaree and Malagawatch.
- Wagmatcook #1 is 319.7 hectares in size, 51.2 km. west of Sydney, and was established August 1, 1833
- Margaree #25 is .8 hectares, 68.8 km. northwest of Sydney, and was established August 1, 1834
- Malagawatch #4 is divided among five reserves, each of which hold 20 per cent of the total, or 132.6 hectares. It is located 62.4 km. southwest of Sydney and was established August 2, 1833.
As of December 2012 the population was 776:
- Registered Males on Own Reserve – 283
- Registered Females on Own Reserve – 281
- Registered Males on Other Reserves – 22
- Registered Females on Other Reserves – 19
- Registered Males Living Off-Reserve – 73
- Registered Females Living Off-Reserve - 98
According to the Community Well Being Index,* Wagmatcook scored 61 out of a possible 100 based on figures derived from the 2001 Census:
- Highest Nova Scotia Community Score – 88
- Nova Scotia Non-Native Average Score – 80
- Nova Scotia First Nation Average Score – 69
- Lowest Nova Scotia Community Score - 59
As of July 12, 2012 - July 11, 2014, the Chief of the reserve is Norman Bernard . The Band Councillors are:
Michael Basque
Kimberly Sharon Denny
Thomas Norman Peck
Angela Lorraine Pierro
Francis Richard Pierro Sr.
Peter Maurice Pierro
The federal members of Parliament are Mark Eyking (L) for Sydney/Victoria - Wagmatcook #1, and Roger Cuzner (L) for Cape Breton/Canso - Margaree #25, Malagawatch #4. Provincial members of the Nova Scotia Legislature are Keith Bain (PC) for Victoria-The Lakes - Wagmatcook #1, and Allan MacMaster (PC) for Inverness - Margaree #25, Malagawatch #4. Visit the Wagmatcook web site.
Waycobah ~ We'koqma'q ~ Nova Scotia
We'koqma'q (a.k.a. Waycobah) is composed of Whycocomagh #2 and Malagawatch #4.
- Whycocomagh #2 is 828.5 hectares, located 70.4 km. west of Sydney, and was established January 31, 1833.
- We'koqma'q also holds 20 per cent of Malagawatch #4, or 132.6 hectares, located 62.4 km. southwest of Sydney, and established August 2, 1833.
As of December 2012 the population was 954:
- Registered Males on Own Reserve – 410
- Registered Females on Own Reserve – 426
- Registered Males on Other Reserves – 15
- Registered Females on Other Reserves – 17
- Registered Males on Own Crown Land - 1
- Registered Males Living Off-Reserve – 36
- Registered Females Living Off-Reserve - 49
According to the Community Well Being Index,* Waycobah scored 59 out of a possible 100 based on figures derived from the 2001 Census:
- Highest Nova Scotia Community Score – 88
- Nova Scotia Non-Native Average Score – 80
- Nova Scotia First Nation Average Score – 69
- Lowest Nova Scotia Community Score - 59
From November 1, 2012 to October 31, 2014, the chief of the reserve is Roderick Albert Googoo . Band Councillors are:
Cyrus John Bernard
Jason Bernard
Bernard Googoo
Joseph (Morley) Googoo
Kenneth Googoo
Robert Andrew Gould
Anthony Phillips
StanfordPhillips
Wayne Prosper
The federal member of Parliament is Roger Cuzner (L) for Cape Breton/Canso - Whycocomagh #2, Malagawatch #4. Provincial member of the Nova Scotia Legislature is Allan MacMaster (PC) for Inverness - Whycocomagh #2, Malalgawatch #4. Visit the We'koqma'q web site.
The information regarding federal, provincial, and band representatives and Mi'kmaw reserves in the Maritimes was provided by the Aboriginal Affairs and Northern Development website, First Nation Community Profiles "Governance" and the Cape Breton Post.
The socio-economic indicators presented on this page are derived from special tabulations prepared for AANDC by Statistics Canada. All of the information provided here is believed to be accurate and valid in the context of Statistics Canada's mandate to collect and disseminate census information on all Canadians as specified in the Statistics Act. AANDC does not warrant these data or accept responsibility for any omissions or inaccuracies inadvertently contained in this presentation. For further information about the limitations of census data and in particular, data collected by reserves, the user is directed to the following weblink: http://www.statcan.ca For further information about the data posted here, please contact the First Nations and Northern Statistics Section at (819) 953-9999 or by e-mail at INSTAT@INAC.GC.CA..
*[From the website]: The Community Well Being Index is a product of the income, education, labour force activity, and housing conditions into a single number or CWB score between 0 and 100 derived by the AANDC Directorate from the 2001 Census. Detailed reports on the methodology may be obtained by calling 1-800-567-9604.
